Trends

3D authentication is set for mass adoption in EU in 2 months. Are you ready?

IT companies in Sri Lanka

This September, Europe will see the introduction of new requirements for authenticating online payments, as part of the second Payment Services Directive (PSD2). These requirements, also known as ‘Strong Customer Authentication’, are going to significantly change how online retailers process payments within Europe. Here at Calcey, we do a lot of work with European clients, who have had to migrate to 3D Secure-compliant processes. Here are a few things which we have learned along the way.

What is Strong Customer Authentication (SCA)?

The European regulators introduced SCA as a method to reduce fraud and make online transactions more secure. Once SCA becomes legally binding from September 2019 onwards, merchants (especially those who conduct transactions online) will have to build an additional authentication component into their checkout flow. For SCA to work properly, every authentication request has to have any two of the following:

  1. Something the customer knows (e.g. PIN number or a password)
  2. Something the customer has (e.g. a hardware token, or a phone)
  3. Something the customer is (e.g. a fingerprint or face recognition)


From September 14 onwards, banks will be able to decline transactions which don’t meet the SCA criteria.

How SCA Works / Credit: WP Simple Pay

How Authentication Works

Currently, the most popular way of authenticating a card payment is via 3D Secure 1— a protocol supported by a vast majority of cards globally. You know that 3D Secure is in place when you try to checkout, and end up being prompted to enter an OTP code or password. This extra authentication layer also enabled merchants to transfer liability for fraudulent transactions to the card issuer. 

3D Secure 1 was first rolled out in 2001, and though it has gained popularity as an effective tool to help reduce card fraud, it did have its own problems. Chief among the list of grievances against 3D Secure 1 is that the additional step required to complete the transaction didn’t mesh well with the payment flow, thus leading to a high cart abandonment rate. Secondly, lots of banks forced their customers to remember static passwords to complete 3D Secure authentication, and naturally, this didn’t work out too well.

Enter 3D Secure 2: Frictionless And Better Looking

3D Secure 2 aims to address these drawbacks while simultaneously strengthening security. One of the main features of 3D Secure 2 is the introduction of Risk Based Authentication (RBA) for transactions, thanks to its ability to support the sending of multiple data elements. The said data elements include payment-specific data such as shipping addresses, as well as contextual data, such as the customer’s device ID or previous transaction history.

The cardholder’s bank can then use this information to assess the risk level of the transaction and decide on an appropriate response to go along with it:

  • If the data is adequate for the bank to trust that the real cardholder is carrying out the purchase, the transaction goes through the “frictionless” flow and the authentication is completed without any additional input from the cardholder.
  • If the bank decides that it needs further proof, the transaction is sent through the “challenge” flow and the customer is asked to provide additional input to authenticate the payment.

Second, 3D Secure 1 was developed well before the rise of the smartphone. Today, we live our lives on our smartphones. As a result of the time it was built in, 3D Secure was very unpleasant to interact with unless you were in front of a PC. 3D Secure 1 would force a full page redirect, which was cumbersome and left customers potentially vulnerable to ‘Man-in-the-Middle’ attacks.

This has been rectified with 3D Secure 2, and banks can now offer a more seamless and less disruptive authentication experience. Instead of entering a password or waiting for a OTP-bearing text message to arrive, banks can now allow customers to authenticate the payment via fingerprint, face scanning, or even through the mobile banking app installed on their phone. 

3D Secure 2 has also been designed so that it is possible to embed the challenge flow directly within web and mobile checkout flows—without requiring full page redirects. This is a boon for any developer concerned with the user experience, like we are at Calcey. If a customer initiates an authentication on your site or webpage, the 3D Secure prompt now by default appears in a modal on the checkout page (browser flow).

3D Secure 1 left the user open to ‘Man-in-the-middle’ attacks / Credits: Unsplash

Issuers such as Visa and MasterCard have now made available mobile SDKs which make it easier to build ‘in-app’ authentication flows. Both processors have also made available UI guidelines for developers to help sidestep the problem of cart abandonment due to poor UI, which banks can be notorious for.

New age payment systems such as Apple Pay and Google Pay already support 3D Secure 2, and enabling these as payment options on your ecommerce site will allow you to quickly offer a seamless checkout and authentication experience.

While traditional banks may take some time to fully comply with SCA, payments processors such as Stripe and Braintree are already fully compliant. For instance, if you’re using Stripe to process payments, a quick upgrade of the Checkout integration is all you need to be fully compliant with 3D Secure 2.

Payment providers such as Stripe, Braintree, Square etc. are already SCA compliant / Credits: Unsplash

I run a small e-commerce startup? Should I worry about 3D Secure 2?

Not every online retailer needs to consider migrating to 3D Secure 2 immediately. If you are a small e-commerce site, you can temporarily postpone worrying about 3D Secure 2, since both 3D Secure 1 and 3D Secure 2 are expected to co-exist for some time. However, if your web analytics tools are telling you that you’re losing a lot of customers at the checkout stage due to 3D Secure 1, you may be better off considering an immediate shift to 3D Secure 2. While you’re at it, we would also recommend overhauling your backend infrastructure so that it is upgrade friendly, perhaps by integrating with Stripe and Shopify or something similar. This will free you from the headache of worrying about keeping your site’s code up-to-date, since these third party platforms will take care of everything for you. And if you need help, feel free to contact us.

References

https://developers.braintreepayments.com/guides/3d-secure/overview

https://stripe.com/docs/payments/3d-secure

https://stripe.com/guides/3d-secure-2

https://www.adyen.com/blog/3d-secure-20-a-new-authentication-solution

https://developer.visa.com/pages/visa-3d-secure

Life at Calcey

Mohomed Thahsan: How I Got Into Code

IT companies in Sri Lanka

We at Calcey consider ourselves to be different⁠—the square pegs in the round holes if you may. This is also reflected in our hiring practices. Most other software firms in the country choose to recruit only from the top universities, but not us . The way we see it, a talented problem solver is a much more valuable asset than an expensive degree.

Mohomed Thahsan is an Associate Tech lead at Calcey who joined us three and a half years ago. A proud self-taught coder, Thahsan is a living testament to how powerful a cocktail of passion and hard work can be. 

Thahsan, extreme left, with some of his mates at a coding competition in Sri Lanka

Q: What piqued your interest in coding?

Growing up, I was the less talented sibling in my family. In comparison, my brother was leagues ahead. In other words,a code-junkie through and through. Naturally, I didn’t want to be like him. In my mind, I crafted an imaginary future for myself away from brightly lit screens.

I grew up, did my Advanced Level exams, and just about managed to pass. As I sat at home, pondering my future–a fuzzy abstract I had no means of comprehending, a relative told me to give IT a shot. In the absence of any worthwhile alternatives, I decided to try my hand at coding. And so it all began.

Q: As with every story, did yours have an important turning point?

Of course, it did. I enrolled in a short course with the aim of learning Android app development. I don’t believe I gained much out of it, but it did give me the impetus to start experimenting on my own. I began trying to develop small apps. The breakthrough came when I managed to develop a basic calculator app and get it running. Observing my own creation come alive on the screen was all that it took to solidify my path as a coder.

As a coder, that first success is quite important. It is the fuel that keeps you going till you bag your next win.

Q: What brought you to Calcey?

While I was busy teaching myself Android app development, I obtained a job at a small-scale software development firm. There were only a handful of employees. Coupled with the flat structure, I was involved in all development efforts at the firm. As a result, I had the chance to frequently challenge my own capabilities. A seating position next to a colleague who was well-versed in Java proved to be advantageous. A client of that firm referred me to Calcey, and here I am.

Q: How has Calcey helped you grow?

Calcey is where I came into my own as a well-rounded developer. Of course, I had my fair share of struggles. The first few days at Calcey, I left work exhausted simply because I was learning so many new things in such a short timeframe. Fortunately Caley gave me a mentor, Pramuditha, who kindly showed me the ropes. Things were much better from thereon.

Q: Do you have any particular method you use to help you learn?

The most important thing is to break problems down into smaller pieces. Then I try to look for something I already understand very well, even a basic ‘Hello World’ function would do. Using that as a platform, I try to put the disparate pieces of the puzzle together, eventually solving whatever problem I originally faced.

Q: Did you ever think of giving up at any point?

I did, and most people will. That’s normal. But what I realised was that entertaining the notion of giving up, along with all the mental torment that comes with it, was part and parcel of every amateur coder’s journey towards becoming a professional. The ‘Learn-To-Code’ journey is perfectly illustrated by Thinkful’s blog post.

The journey to coding competence is full of valleys and peaks / Credits: Thinkful

In essence, the journey towards becoming an accomplished coder can be divided into four parts.

  1. The Hand-Holding Honeymoon: You get to make use of all the well-polished tutorials and learning material that is available to you. You will still be learning the basics, but you will feel good about your accomplishments.
  2. The Cliff of Confusion: Stuck in a constant loop of debugging, you realise that coding is a much harder affair than you initially thought.
  3. The Desert of Despair: A long and lonely journey through a pathless landscape where every new direction seems correct but you’re frequently going in circles and you’re starving for the resources to get you through it.
  4. The Upswing of Awesome: Once you reach this stage, you realise that you’ve finally found a path through the desert and pulled together an understanding of how to build applications. But your code is still siloed and brittle, much like a house of cards. Now comes your search for a job.

Q: Any words of advice to an aspiring coder?

The best advice I can give anyone is to keep learning and keep experimenting. Follow your curiosity and start learning to code in the direction that your curiosity guides you. There will be times when you will be tempted to tear out your hair in frustration, but don’t. Spend your energy working through things, one step at a time.

Second, keep an eye out for new trends. I’ve subscribed to the Medium Daily Digest so that I can keep up with everything going on in the world of tech. It’s quite helpful and saves me a lot of time, which I would otherwise spend on mindless browsing.

Third, find a good environment to help you grow. For me, Calcey was the place which helped me improve my skills and become the proficient coder I am today. It’s an opportunity that I’m very grateful for.

Life at Calcey

How I Work: Program Management at Calcey

Calcey

Businesses in the service industry quite often depend on project managers to keep everything running smoothly. A project manager is often the face of the company to the client, as well as the troop leader of a platoon of developers. This applies at Calcey, too. 

Rajitha Egodaarachchi is one of Calcey’s senior most project managers. Having first joined us as a developer, Rajitha changed tracks to become a project manager. Today, he is one of two program managers at Calcey. In his role, he is essentially a project manager of project managers.

Meet Rajitha

Q: Can you tell us a little bit about your role as program manager at Calcey?

We created the program manager role at Calcey for one important reason, and that is to ensure that projects are kept on schedule—given the demanding nature of the clients we work with—and to help us initiate corrective actions as necessary, proactively.

As program manager, I have a team of project managers reporting to me. I mentor them and guide them as necessary so that they can do their job better. In a way, I’m here to help them help their clients. I also manage a couple of projects on a hands-on basis, which is another interesting part of my role.

Q: How did you get into project management? Is there a set path which others can follow?
As far as the path is concerned, a lot depends on the firm you work for. At some of the larger software engineering firms, project management is a dedicated career path. At boutique firms, such as Calcey, the role of a project manager is combined with that of a business analyst. I prefer the latter because for someone like me, the duality of the role is very stimulating.

As to how I got into project management, I was a developer when I first joined Calcey. Since Calcey has a relatively flat structure, it allowed me to try my hand at Project Management after spending a few years as a developer. There was no great epiphany or anything as such.

However, it does help to possess some personal attributes, like being methodical and organised. Not being in possession of such attributes may actually hurt your chances of becoming a project manager.

Q: What are the most challenging aspects of your job?

One of the biggest challenges is ensuring timely delivery of projects, while keeping what we call ‘scope creep’ at bay. We basically operate on an outsourced delivery model, and sometimes, clients try to squeeze in as many development needs as possible at every stage of the process. When this happens, there is a risk of the project exceeding its budget, cost, and time parameters. Obviously, that’s an undesirable outcome. So, it is my responsibility to prevent this from happening. 

In terms of everyday workload, it is the scrum planning day that is most hectic. Tools like Jira, Google Hangouts, Slack, and Evernote help me keep track of things, day in, day out.

In my opinion, what I would call the No. 1 challenge is managing people. Be it the developers or clients, I need to be empathetic, but also firm and decisive when necessary. It’s a balancing act, really. Being a program manager is no walk in the park, but it’s extremely rewarding when you see a project being executed on time, despite any challenges that come our way. 

Life at Calcey

A Letter To My 22 Year Old Self

Dhanushka Jayathilake Calcey

Dhanushka Jayatilake is the Principal Software Architect at Calcey, and has been a very important part of the team for the last 10 years. We asked Dhanushka what advice he would give, if his present self was to meet his 22 year old self.

Here’s what Dhanushka had to say…

Dear Dhanushka,

You’ve put in a lot of work to get here. As you step out of the University of Peradeniya as a qualified software engineer, a world of opportunity awaits you. Those opportunities will only continue to grow, mark my words. But as your future self, I have a few words of advice for you. I hope they serve you well in time to come.

Dhanushka conducting a workshop
  1. Master the basics

    Four years from now, a Californian in blue jeans and a black turtleneck will introduce a new type of device to the world. It will be a small rectangular slab of a device. But it will change the way people interact with computers. People around the world will spend hours on this device launching cute little birds at castles built by a bunch of evil green pigs (Hard to believe, I know). A great new world of possibilities will open up, and your favourite programming language of C++ will give way to newer and better programming languages, just like how COBOL and Fortran gave way to Basic, which in turn gave way to C++. This cycle will continue.

    So make sure you learn your basics, and learn them well. Lots of programming languages may come and go, but the basic principles will always remain the same. That’s how it has always been, and that’s how it’s always going to be.

  2. Learn to learn

    This might confuse you, but hear me out. It is absolutely important that you continuously upgrade your skills. After all, you have chosen to work in a field where things change fast, very fast. That said, don’t rush to learn every new thing which sees the light of day.

    Whenever you come across something which piques your curiosity, take the time to understand it very well. See what it can do, and cannot do. Break it down into its essentials. Not only will this help you learn faster, but it will also help you appreciate the beauty of a new programming language for instance, while understanding its limitations. That is what wisdom is. In an era where knowledge is plentiful, wisdom is what will be in short supply, and thus, be valuable.

  3. Think through problems

    As you start working, you will find yourself wrestling with programming problems. Don’t worry. Take a deep breath, and step back for a moment. You may be tempted to have a go at the problem right away, but don’t.

    Instead, think very carefully about the problem you’re facing, the outcome you need to achieve, and the tools available at your disposal. It is essential that you at least draw up a mental blueprint for how you plan to go about solving the problem at hand. This willingness to plan is what separates the pros from the rookies. Abe Lincoln put it best when he said “Give me six hours to chop down a tree and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe”.
All smiles

As you think about your future while roaming the beautiful lush green gardens of the University of Peradeniya, you may be filled with fear. Don’t fret too much though, it will all work out well. I can guarantee that.

A few years from now, your CV will find its way into the hands of a gentleman running a small company called Calcey. It will be your second home for the next 10-plus years. You will rise up the ranks and eventually, find yourself managing 80 other young developers. Congratulations!

Oh, and one final word of advice. Try to find experienced mentors early on in your career. They will be able to show you the ropes and guide you, which will save you a lot of time, trouble, and late nights.

All the best!
Sincerely,
Dhanushka.

Opinion

Bridging Cultural Differences: Our Thoughts

Mikke Selandar Ancon

Being in the software development business, our clients come from the world over. Naturally, there are cultural differences which may get in the way. At Calcey, we have a few tricks up our sleeves to help bridge these differences and help us deliver great work.

Every country has a culture that is unique. Sri Lanka, where we are based, has traditionally been hierarchical, collectivistic, and driven by a need to achieve consensus. What this means is that generally:

  • Subordinates expect to be told what to do and the ideal boss is a benevolent autocrat.
  • Everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group.
  • People strive for consensus, and they value equality, solidarity and quality in their working lives. Conflicts tend to be resolved by compromise and negotiation.

Geert Hofstede also agrees with us.

Lesson 1: Don’t throw the baby out with the bathwater

Sri Lanka’s collectivist culture brings with it a few positives, which serve us well as a global software company. The hierarchical elements though, aren’t of much use. Calcey’s internal culture is consciously and painstakingly built around values such as ‘Straight Talk’ and ‘Challenging Convention’. Obviously, there can be clashes.


New recruits often say that they find the Calcey culture a breath of fresh air compared to what they experienced while at University

Once new recruits come to Calcey, we try to encourage them to break free of the traditional  notion that being straightforward is undesirable, and challenging seniority is a no-go. At the same time, positive aspects such as collectivism and the high camaraderie which recruits bring with them need to be encouraged. In an industry such as software, those elements tend to be very valuable.

Lesson 2: Leverage the similarities

The tech sector in general, is somewhat counter-culture, no matter where you are in the world. Because of this, tech employees the world over have certain similarities between them. Not only do they speak the same languages in terms of code, they even chuckle at the same memes. This commonality helps us build a good rapport with foreign tech teams, whenever we encounter them.

Capitalising on similarities helps people get along better

Lesson 3: Achieve a personality fit between the client and the project team

Since our clients will end up spending most of their time dealing with the project team, it is crucial that there is a good personality match between the two parties. Even more crucial is getting a good personality match between the client and the project manager, who will be the main point of contact.

Starting from the pre-sales stage, we try to gauge the personality traits of the client. Being a boutique firm, there is a lot of personal involvement in the sales process, and this gives us enough time and space to understand the client very well. This knowledge then helps us to put together a project team which usually ends up getting along well with the client.

It’s important that the project team is a good fit with the client

Lesson 4: Hire well and hire right

This is a no-brainer really. When hiring, we look for people who display a good level of empathy and are open to embracing new perspectives. Graduating at the top of your class is not everything after all.

We also have quite a few experienced hands in-house, who bring with them loads of international experience. They’re always around to help smoothen things.

And that’s it really. Though overcoming cultural barriers is not complicated as it appears to be, failing to understand the impact of culture can be disastrous for any business. Our methods though simple, are powerful. Most importantly, they work.

Life at CalceyUX

UX Design @ Calcey

IT companies in Sri Lanka

Here at Calcey, UX plays a very important role in all that we do. Given that a lot of our work is aimed at everyday and not power users, the very success of the projects we undertake sometimes hinges on getting UX right. In this post, our UX Lead Ranga Weerasinghe walks us through how we approach this intricate, complex, yet beautiful process.

Q: Can you tell us something about yourself?

Well, I’ve been working at Calcey for the last four years. In that time, I have worked both as a UX Lead and also as a front-end developer, helping our development teams every once in a while. I am aware that it’s not a very common arrangement in the industry, but I happen to have both an artistic and programming background. That allows me to juggle these two roles, and I’m quite thankful for it.

IT companies in Sri Lanka
Here’s Ranga conducting a UX workshop at our office

Q: How do you and your team approach the UX design process?

The first and most important rule we follow is that there is no cookie cutter approach. Of course, there are industry standard best practices and we follow them. But we also recognise that in a fast-changing field such as ours, where trends come and go, there can be no one-size-fits-all solution. Sometimes, processes ought to be tweaked to suit the client. This flexibility is something we at Calcey are proud of.

Once a client signs up with us, we hold a kickoff meeting of sorts. We use this meeting as a platform to get everyone to reach a common understanding about what the objective of the project is going to be, and what everyone’s responsibilities are.

With that out of the way, the UX team gets down to business.

Q: How so?

We hold a few days of workshops with the client to understand their product and their users. We will try to map the user’s journey across the product/interface. In certain cases, we will try to come up with what we call ‘User Personas’ for different types of users. What this helps us do is build a story around the user to understand where they’re coming from, what their mindset is, what they’re looking to achieve (by using the product), and what’s preventing them from enjoying a seamless user experience. This helps us identify how a user would interact with the interface, and decide on the design decisions which we ought to take.

We will then enter what we call the ‘First Impressions’ stage. During this stage, the onus falls on us to use the insights gathered during the workshops and create simple wireframes of what we believe the UI needs to look like.

Software development companies in Sri Lanka
Drawing on paper can be a good way of thinking about design

Next, we will move on to the ‘Lo-Fi Prototype’ stage which stands for ‘Low-Fidelity prototype’. The mock-ups which will be presented to the client at this stage would be improved and clickable versions of the bare-bones wireframes from the previous stage. Of course, depending on the feedback from the client (coupled with initial user testing) and the extent to which any changes are made, there can also be instances where the Lo-Fi prototypes look nothing like the wireframes they were based on, but that’s okay. That’s par for the course, and we wouldn’t have it any other way.

If the client is okay with the Lo-Fi prototypes, we will proceed to create a High-Fidelity version (or Hi-Fi prototype, as we call it). A Hi-Fi prototype will usually be very detailed, and will end up looking exactly like the final product. Hi-Fi prototypes are very good subjects for user testing purposes, and we’ve had instances where users thought the mock-up was actually a real app.

Not to brag or anything, but we’re that good.

Q: Are there any principles which you try to abide by while designing?

Not many really, but there are two principles which we try to follow at all times. One is to think ahead. I think it was Wayne Gretzky who said that he tries to skate to not where the puck is, but to where it is going to be. Similarly, we try to think about the usability and relevance of our UX two years down the line. After all, from the client’s perspective, whatever they’re paying us to do is an investment in the future of their business, and investments ought to have a good payback period. That is why we try to build tools which are useful today, but will also remain relevant tomorrow.

The second principle is research. The field of UX changes very fast, and trends come and go. Just look at how far we have come in terms of visual designs for apps. Not too long ago, skeuomorphic design was sweeping the world, only to be replaced by flat design inspired Microsoft’s Metro UI design language. Then, the pendulum swung the other way when Google introduced the material design philosophy which combined skeuomorphism with flat design. Tomorrow, it might be something else. For example, when we try to visualise information generated by a machine learning service, we need to make sure that when the end-user sees it, they are able to make sense of the information, perhaps through intuitive visual cues. As UX specialists, it is up to us to stay on top of these trends and separate the signal from the noise. It’s a skill that is built up over time, and keeping up with global trends and design philosophies through research is extremely important.

IT companies in Sri Lanka
Ranga sometimes likes to dress up as Morpheus, a look which fits him perfectly

Q: Any advice for a budding UX specialist looking to join Calcey?

Stay curious, and be patient. UX is something you get better at over time. Rome wasn’t built in a day, neither are UX specialists.

Oh, and send us your CV and portfolio.

Cover image credits: Photo by Mika Novo on Unsplash
Opinion

Women in Technology

Software development companies in Sri Lanka

The technology sector is generally perceived to be dominated by men. Ask someone to name a prominent figure in the tech industry and they will invariably blurt out the names of Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckeberg. How many will recall the names of Meg Whitman, Sheryl Sandberg, Rana el Kaliouby, or Kamakshi Sivaramakrishnan? How many undergraduate students will recall the name of Grace Hopper, who developed the compiler as we know it today, thus paving the way for the development of modern programming languages?

Before we start thinking about ways to bring about gender diversity into technology, it is worthwhile to explore how the field of technology came to be dominated by men in the first place. The Atlantic has a great explainer on the topic.

The situation is worse in South Asia. Take Sri Lanka for instance, where Calcey is based. According to the World Bank, only 1 in 3 women participate in the labour force, and between 2010 and 2016, the female labour force participation rate has dropped from 41 percent to 36 percent. The World Bank has also released a report titled “Getting to Work : Unlocking Women’s Potential in Sri Lanka’s Labor Force” which shows that women at all levels of educational attainment find it harder to secure high paying and high-skilled jobs.

These developments have all occurred despite the Sri Lankan economy expanding rapidly since the conclusion of a 30 year civil war in 2009. Positive infrastructural developments such as increasing numbers of girls being enrolled into the education system, and an extremely low female mortality ratio which is way above par even when compared with much more developed countries, has not managed to reduce the gender disparity and wage gap prevalent in the workforce.

So what’s preventing the assimilation of more women into the workforce, especially in the technology sector?

Marriage and Culture
The World Bank study referenced above found that for women, marriage can serve as an additional obstacle to participating in the labour force. A woman’s odds of becoming a paid employee after marriage goes down by 26 percentage points. Interestingly, marriage marginally increases the odds of a man becoming a paid employee by 2.5 percentage points.

The Asian cultural dynamic, which emphasises the family structure, naturally puts it at odds with the structure of the tech industry. When culture places the onus on women to take care of the family and attend to the needs of the kids, this invariably creates a problem where a female would find it hard to balance both the demands of a fast-paced job and a family. Neglecting the family is a no-no, which creates a natural incentive to bow out of the workforce.

Human Capital Mismatch
Dr. Sepali Kottegoda, Executive Director of the Women and Media Collective highlights how the education system fails women by failing to equip them with the skills demanded by employers. In this case, the problem appears to be a case of lack of inclusivity rather than lack of availability.

Dr. Kottegoda notes that there is a general impression that girls are not good at math. As a result, boys are pushed more towards mechanical pursuits, while girls are pushed more towards service-oriented roles, which is why Sri Lanka has fewer female computer science graduates.
The statistics prove it too. According to the University Grants Commission of Sri Lanka, of the 1,713 students who graduated in an Engineering-related discipline in 2017, only 420 were female. Similar behaviour can be seen with science graduates. When it comes to non-STEM fields however, the proportion of female graduates is much higher, indicating a reluctance to obtain STEM-related qualifications.

Software development companies in Sri Lanka
University Grants Commission of Sri Lanka,2017

Lack of safe transportation options and harassment
The World Bank points to the lack of safe public transport solutions for women and the harassment faced by women in public and at the workplace as major obstacles towards attracting more women to the workforce. This is actually a major issue faced by women everyday, everywhere. Thankfully, awareness is being raised thanks to the efforts of a few volunteers and organisations.

So what can be done to encourage more women to join the IT industry?

We at Calcey think there are a few solutions to this problem, but all of them are long-term and will not yield results overnight. After all, we’re talking about changing the culture of a country here.

  1. Encourage more flexibility
    As an industry, we have a responsibility to shape our workplaces so that they are supportive of everyone.That means creating systems which enable people to build their careers around their personal lives, and not the other way round. At Calcey, we have made sure that flexi-hours are made available to everyone, regardless of gender or status. In the same way, new dads at Calcey are entitled to generous paternity leave, which is not something that is widely available throughout corporate Sri Lanka. Calcey employees who end up working at night, are provided with transport so that they don’t have to worry about getting home safely.

    IT companies in Sri Lanka
    Everyday harassment on public transport can keep women out of the workforce
  2. Educate to educate
    The industry must work together with the government to change the discourse around STEM education for the better. While it is the government which can encourage teachers and principals to encourage girls to take up STEM-related subjects, the industry must play the role of the lobbyist by educating the government on the importance of IT, and the opportunities available for women. At the same time, as players in the industry, it is up to us to shine the light on our female employees, and highlight their achievements. This added visibility could potentially help change how parents perceive careers in the IT industry.
  3. Enforce equality and non-discriminatory policies in the workplace
    It is our opinion that technology companies ought to adopt and strictly enforce policies of equality and non-discrimination across the board. This is easier said than done, and companies which have been built ground up with such ideals in mind arguably have it better, compared to ageing elephants of the corporate sphere, where entrenched norms can be very hard to change. This is also one of the reasons why Calcey was envisioned as a complete meritocracy from day one.

While it is impossible to predict that simply making these changes will eliminate all the problems faced by women when trying to enter the workforce, we are pretty sure that they will go a long way towards helping make things better.
Much better, actually.



Cover image credits: Photo by Samuel Zeller on Unsplash
OpinionTrends

What we have learned from digitizing processes

IT companies in Sri Lanka

Digitising previously manual processes is basically what popularised the personal computer across the world. Being a software development company which helps businesses around the world reap savings by migrating hitherto manual processes into the 21st century, we have learned a thing or two about what to do and what not to do.

Understand the process very well

Successful digitisation must begin with a careful and thorough understanding of the existing process, the envisaged solution, and what needs to be done to bridge the gap. The key to getting this right is to consult with all the relevant stakeholders, and application of domain knowledge. It might sound simple, but simple things often get overlooked.

Take the case of Compare Networks Inc. (CN), for whom we act as the principal software development partner. CN came to us to develop an iPad app which allowed companies to upload, organise  and distribute their marketing collateral to their field sales staff – spread around the world, through a web-based content management system (CMS).

As a software vendor for multi-billion dollar life science companies, CN had seen firsthand how hard it was for sales people in such large global firms to keep track of promotional material for hundreds and sometimes even thousands of SKUs. Given their technical expertise, CN drew up a vision for solution, and validated it with their customers. They were successful with this pre-selling exercise. They brought their inputs to us, and we built a product, which is known today as ‘imSMART’. Through imSMART they completely digitized the outdated practice of distributing printed marketing collateral, creating a saving of 11 million dollars a year for one imSMART customer alone.

The final product ended up being a runaway success and in our opinion, that was purely because CN took the effort to develop a great overall understanding of the situation at hand and validate their idea for a solution with actual clients. As a result, imSMART was a perfect fit to the problem of disseminating promotional material to a global sales force, and customers never had to go through the misery of adapting to an under- or over-engineered product.

Build an MVP and make it quick
Most digital transformation projects end up making the mistake of trying to build a fully fledged solution from the get go. This is not a great idea because it leaves little room for any flaws to be ironed out prior to implementation.

With imSMART, CN understood this very well. Their MVP was entirely focused on building a basic solution which satisfies the core need. Once the MVP was built, it was validated through user testing. Once initial user testing was complete, CN was free to build in any additional features as necessary.

Involve the end user in testing
Typically, testing may be done using an in-house team of quality assurance analysts, or even by the founders of the very startups for whom we build apps.

In our experience, this is not a great idea, because the frame with which a designer or founder looks at an app could be completely different from how an actual user would look at an app.

Goodmarket, which is one of our clients, is a good case study on how to do user testing right. Goodmarket is a market place for ‘doing good’, and aims to connect consumers looking for socially conscious, non-toxic, organic, and ethically produced goods with the vendors, who are often cottage industries fragmented around the country. By virtue of their scale and size, these vendors are not able to put forward any independent verification to prove their ethical credentials.

Goodmarket wanted to create a platform which can take care of this verification process and act as a self-service portal of sorts for both customers and vendors looking to buy and sell ethical, socially conscious products. We had the privilege of building the Goodmarket’s platform for them, and one of the key drivers of the platform’s eventual success was all the testing that was done with end users, who are often not very digitally savvy.

The insights gained from placing the app in front of everyday users paved the way for us to optimise for form and function, thus making sure that the platform is in alignment with the Goodmarket’s business objectives.

Not every process needs to be digitised

And finally, not everything needs to be digitised. We live in a world which worships automation, and digitisation of processes is pretty much a buzzword that is thrown about in corporate boardrooms mindlessly. The criteria to decide whether a process ought to be digitised is as follows: If things are binary and require less human judgement, go ahead and digitise. If there is a lot of subjectivity involved, you may be better off with leaving the process untouched.

Cover image credits: Photo by Markus Spiske on Unsplash
Life at Calcey

The Calcey Way

Calcey

Good things come in small packages, they said. When we commenced operations nearly 17 years ago, we promised our clients first-rate software solutions built with love by resourceful, focused, and dedicated teams. Today, having grown into a much larger company with 140 employees, nothing much has changed, except for our size. Our founder, Mangala Karunaratne, was once a Project Manager in Silicon Valley and managed an offshore development team. Disappointed with the results of the traditional offshoring model, he set out to build a company which can tap into the rich talent pool in South Asia, while offering clients the personal touch, empathy, understanding and ownership, an onshore boutique development outfit can provide.

We’ve come a long way since, but we still continue to stick by our original vision. Hundreds of clients later, we’re convinced that we’re doing something right. We are proudly industry agnostic, and our structure enables us to work with firms of all sizes. Be it Fortune 500s or a little startup based in a garage in a corner of the world, we’re happy to put our technological prowess to good use without any discrimination. That is why we compete on quality and not on cost.

For anyone looking to understand how we go about our work at Calcey, this is what we have to say.

IT companies in Sri Lanka Calcey
Hard at work with a client

Our Rules
Rules are sometimes meant to be broken. But, like road rules, some rules exist to make things better for all of us. Think of these as our non-negotiables.

    1. Straight talk
      Frankness is under-rated. At Calcey, we believe that being candid is better for everyone and reduces misunderstandings. In the business that we’re in, good communication is key and misunderstandings are costly.
    2. Fairness
      The world may not always be a fair place, but our offices are. Calcey is a meritocracy, and we strive to do right by everyone. Whether we are dealing with employees, customers, or even the kind lady who runs our cafeteria, the rule of fairness is applied.

      IT companies in Sri Lanka Calcey
      The Calcey family on our 2018 Annual Trip

       

    3. Honesty
      We consider ourselves peddlers of honesty. Sometimes that means turning work down if it is not something we’re good at. At other times that means being open about how a given decision would affect the timelines of a project. Whatever it is, we’d rather tell the truth than try to save face by lying.
    4. Integrity
      A company is simply a group of people, and the way the people go, so does the company. That is precisely why we look for people with strong value and moral principles, because we believe that Calcey should also exhibit a strong moral code. We like people who are in touch with their conscience and know how to do what is right and ethical.
    5. Quality, always
      We take pride in providing our clients with world-class, defect-free products and services. It’s what has helped us become who we are today, and a quality-first mindset permeates all that we do.

      IT companies in Sri Lanka Calcey
      That’s why our clients love us
    6. Be responsible
      We have a reasonably flat organisational structure at Calcey for a reason. We don’t want cumbersome, bureaucratic processes to get in the way of doing good work. All that we ask from our employees is to do their part and do it well.
    7. Respect everyone
      Treat everyone, regardless of their age, gender or status, as you would like to be treated. That doesn’t mean you can’t disagree, but don’t demean others just to get your point across. We don’t need that where we’re going.
    8. Always learn and adapt
      The industry we are in is like quicksand, continuously shifting underneath our feet. What’s in vogue today may be derided tomorrow as a huge no-no, but that’s not the point.The thing with knowledge is that it compounds, and as you learn more, you can make better sense of the world around you. That’s how you become better at solving problems, and no matter how you look at it, all of us are in the business of solving problems, really.

      IT companies in Sri Lanka Calcey
      We also make it a point to have fun whenever we can
    9. No oversized egos please
      This is a no-brainer. We also think the late Anthony Bourdain did a great job of explaining this in a much better way than any of us ever could.

      It is truly a privilege to live by what I call the ‘no asshole’ rule. I don’t do business with assholes. I don’t care how much money they are offering me or what project. Life is too short. Quality of life is important. I’m fortunate to collaborate with a lot of people who I respect and like, and I’d like to keep it that way.

      Don’t get us wrong though. Sometimes, life works out better if you’re just brave enough to say what you really feel, even if it’s an unpopular opinion which goes against conventional wisdom. Mark Manson calls them ‘Ethical Assholes’. Labels notwithstanding, we’re okay with people who aren’t afraid to be unpopular, as long as they’re doing what’s right. If the Wright Brothers weren’t brave enough to think that they can build a flying machine despite being humble bicycle mechanics, the aviation industry would have never happened.

And that’s it.
At Calcey, we care deeply about creating a work culture which enables people to show up and do their best work. We’re proud to say that we’re a true meritocracy. Good performance should and will be rewarded handsomely. That’s a promise.
FYI though, there are times when things may not go as smoothly as we’d like them to. Every once in a while, there is the occasional all-nighter when prepping for a release. But those are few and far in between, and we work to minimise such instances through planning.

If you are interested in working with us, check out our open vacancies at https://calcey.com/careers/ and drop us an email at jobs@calcey.com.

IT companies in Sri Lanka Calcey
We like our cricket too. We are based in Sri Lanka after all.

How to

Actionable ideas to boost your company’s social media presence

Software development companies in Sri Lanka

Today social media is a big part of most companies marketing strategy, and to be inactive on social media as a company is not even an option anymore. But with all the social media platforms we have today, it can be hard to know on which platforms you should be active, and how you use them in the best possible way.

You should use different platforms in different ways, but there are some general tips that apply to all social media platforms. This short article where I share some general tips, is a good starting point.

In this article I will share some tips on how to use 4 of the most commonly used social media platforms that we have today.
Software development companies in Sri Lanka
Twitter:
There are a lot of benefits for a company to be active on Twitter, so the question to ask yourself is not if you should use Twitter, but how to use it. If you have no clue on how to use Twitter in the best way, or if you get confused by all retweeting and hashtagging, this should be helpful!

Twitter is a microblogging service that allows you to write short posts with a maximum 280 characters. Compared to other social media, Twitter is a very “relaxed” platform. By relaxed, I mean that you should be open and have a personal tone.

Another thing that is important on Twitter is to lay off the sales talk, Twitter is not the right platform for this, which means that you should not share a lot of tweets about how awesome your product/service is. People get tired of such accounts quickly and tend to tune out your tweets.

Twitter is not for one-sided communication, but excellent for discussions. Start off by participating in discussions about topics you have expertise in and where you can contribute. If you provide good and relevant tips you will build credibility with other followers, which will make you a valuable contact for them.

Twitter is probably the platform where you should put the most focus on hashtags (a # followed by a word – categorize your tweet and make it searchable), which hashtags are trending right now? Which hashtags are trending in your industry? Be creative with your hashtags, maybe start your own hashtag trend? However, studies have shown that you should not use more than two hashtags per tweet. So don’t go overboard.

Something I love with Twitter is the ability to retweet. Retweeting means sharing someone else’s tweet, which is perfect if you want to give your followers good and valuable content often, but do not have enough content yourself. I mean, just look at this guy! He retweets A LOT, and has 245K followers. It’s not a company page, but it still shows that retweeting works!

Also as this article says, “people who send out more retweets tend to receive more retweets”. So give and you shall receive – remember to retweet!

If someone writes something positive about you, you should also retweet it, to show your appreciation. Twitter is often used as a fast and public customer service, so make sure to always answer questions or comments as soon as possible. This is very important since quick responses are expected on Twitter.

Instagram:
Instagram was launched in 2010 as a new platform where users could share their photos quickly and easily. Thanks to its simplicity, Instagram grew fast, and after only 2 years, Facebook bought Instagram for a record price.

Today, Instagram has millions of active users, and is a meeting place for both individuals and businesses. So of course your company should be on Instagram! But what do you have to do to stand out on Instagram?

Since Instagram is all about pictures, you need to put some extra effort to the pictures you post. Make sure to always publish high quality images.

Instagram users sees loads of photos every day on Instagram, so you have to post photos that stands out to catch attention, and that makes your followers feel something. Show your products or services in a creative way.

One example of a company who is successful on instagram, with 83.6 MN followers, is Nike. You might think that most of their photos would be of their sneakers or clothes, but it’s not.

You’ll find heartwarming and inspiring posts about athletes and their stories, record breaking sports highlights and influential moments in sport. They are creative and good at evoking feelings with their posts.

Software development companies in Sri LankaSoftware development companies in Sri Lanka
Instagram is also often used to show what happens behind the scenes of the company. Share pictures of what’s happening during your work days. Is it someone’s birthday? Did someone bring his dog to the office? Do you play pool during lunch breaks? Let your followers be a
part of your days! This way you build a more personal and human relationship with your followers.

Instagram gives you the opportunity to provide quick updates that show what’s happening right now. Use stories to show what you are doing, have polls or let your followers ask you questions.

Use the live stream feature to allow your followers to participate in real-time events, see new releases or something else that may be of interest to them.

LinkedIn:
LinkedIn is the absolute largest network for B2B relationships, so it’s very likely that many of your customers, potential customers and competitors are there, which means that you should also be there. But in order to succeed well on LinkedIn, there are a few things to keep in mind.

One thing that is very important when it comes to LinkedIn is your company page. Since the first thing people see when they are searching for your company is the company page, it is very important to spend some time and give it some love. Make sure that it clearly and easily tells you what you are doing and how to contact you, and that it is always up to date with the correct information.
The first impression means a lot.

It is also important that you show your expertise on LinkedIn. Participate in discussions about topics where you have good knowledge. If people see that you are have good knowledge and that you are great at what you do, it will build confidence in you and your business.
LinkedIn is perfect place for recruiting. Fill your network with people in your industry and start looking for talented potential employees.
There are lots of industry-specific groups on LinkedIn, so make sure to be active in groups in your industry. Here you can share knowledge and create new valuable contacts.

If someone interacts with your posts on LinkedIn (likes or comments) the post will be visible to their followers too. This means that sharing content that people interact with makes it easy to spread widely, so think about what content your followers want to see.

Facebook:
Having a company page on Facebook is a no-brainer for most organisations, and there’s a lot of perks of having one. But even on Facebook there is a few things to consider in order to stand out.
Software development companies in Sri Lanka
Something to think about when using Facebook is that content is king! Share content your followers wants to see. In order for your followers to engage with your content you need to give them something they value. What advice can you give them? What are they interested in seeing?
If you provide content that your followers appreciate, they will like/comment/share it, which makes you reach more people.

I usually look at Facebook as a mix between LinkedIn and Twitter. You can be relaxed, open and personal, but also share content that markets your company. Make sure to have a mix between relaxed and more professional content.

Another great part of Facebook is the targeted marketing platform it offers. You can choose to market your posts, and you can choose to target your exact target market. Target your marketing to the correct people and there is a big chance that your potential clients will see it.
Facebook is also a great place to hold contests! Create contests where your followers have a chance to win your products or services in exchange for them to comment/share/like the post. When your followers comments on or shares the contest, the reach of your post increases which means you reach more people and potential clients.

The company Diamond Candles managed to get over 30,000 new fans in less than 6 weeks by having contest where you could win their product – candles, if you liked their Facebook page.

If you want to read more about successful Facebook contests, you can do that here.

So there you have it. A few ideas that you can implement immediately for boosting your company’s performance on social media. Let us know if you’ve already tried any of these out and how they’ve worked for you, in the comments!